Commander and Staff Guide to Data Literacy

By Eric Hillner, Center for Army Lessons LearnedApril 18, 2025

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Foreword

Data has become a cornerstone of decision making in modern military operations. As the complexity and speed of operations increases, commanders and staff must navigate an ever-growing stream of information to make timely, informed, and effective decisions. The ability to interpret, analyze, and apply data has transformed from a technical specialty to a critical skill set for leaders at all levels.

The purpose of this guide is to provide an accessible introduction to data literacy, tailored specifically for commanders and staff. It bridges the gap between technical expertise and operational needs, helping military leaders understand how to leverage data as a strategic asset. While this guide does not aim to turn readers into data scientists, it equips them with the foundational knowledge required to collaborate effectively with analysts and make data-informed decisions with confidence.

This guide emphasizes the practical application of data literacy within the unique context of military operations. From intelligence analysis to operational planning, data plays a vital role in enhancing situational awareness, assessing risks, and evaluating outcomes. By understanding the fundamentals of data and its potential applications, commanders and staff can unlock new opportunities to gain a decisive edge on the battlefield.

Each chapter builds on the previous one, starting with basic concepts and progressing to real-world applications. Readers will learn how to interpret different types of data, recognize common pitfalls, and use data tools effectively. They will also explore strategies for fostering a data-driven culture within their teams, ensuring that every Soldier contributes to mission success.

In an era defined by rapid technological advancements and information dominance, the ability to harness data is no longer optional, but is essential. This guide serves as a starting point for military leaders to develop the skills, mindsets, and strategies necessary to thrive in this data-driven landscape.