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Fort Cavazos team keeps pushing to build on success of preservation efforts, data, analysis key

By Thomas Milligan (US Army Environmental Command)June 9, 2023

Charlie Plimpton, biologist, educates youth at a STEM summer camp session held at the Fort Hood (known as Fort Cavazos since 2023) Pollinator Sanctuary. Throughout the year, the team conducts numerous environmental education programs for Soldiers,...
1 / 6 Show Caption + Hide Caption – Charlie Plimpton, biologist, educates youth at a STEM summer camp session held at the Fort Hood (known as Fort Cavazos since 2023) Pollinator Sanctuary. Throughout the year, the team conducts numerous environmental education programs for Soldiers, civilians, families, and youth on and off the installation, which directly impacts more than 3,500 individuals annually. Regularly participated school and public events include Keep Copperas Cove Beautiful Eco-Harvest, Make a Difference Day, Fort Hood Christmas Bird Count, National Night Out, Fort Hood Earth Day, City of Gatesville Earth Day, National Girl Scout Week, and Youth Environmental Ambassadors! program. (Photo Credit: Christine Luciano, Fort Cavazos) VIEW ORIGINAL
Fort Hood (known as Fort Cavazos since 2023) Garrison Commander Col. Chad R. Foster, and his son, Bryce Foster, use the up and over technique to capture a monarch, as Matt Christiansen, seasonal biologist for University of Illinois, provides...
2 / 6 Show Caption + Hide Caption – Fort Hood (known as Fort Cavazos since 2023) Garrison Commander Col. Chad R. Foster, and his son, Bryce Foster, use the up and over technique to capture a monarch, as Matt Christiansen, seasonal biologist for University of Illinois, provides instruction for the next step. Fort Hood established the monarch tagging program in 2017, and since inception has captured, tagged, and released 9,807 monarchs. The data from these recaptures are used to determine the pathways taken by migrating monarchs, the influence of weather on the migration, and the survival rate of the monarchs. (Photo Credit: Christine Luciano, Fort Cavazos) VIEW ORIGINAL
Nathan Grigsby, biologist, coordinates a fish stocking at Nolan Lake with help from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through a formal agreement. Fish are stocked seasonally, through the Put and Take Program, to provide quality fishing opportunities...
3 / 6 Show Caption + Hide Caption – Nathan Grigsby, biologist, coordinates a fish stocking at Nolan Lake with help from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through a formal agreement. Fish are stocked seasonally, through the Put and Take Program, to provide quality fishing opportunities at approximately 12 free-access lakes and ponds. The goal of fisheries management at Fort Hood (known as Fort Cavazos since 2023) is to provide quality recreational fishing opportunities while maintaining a balanced and diverse aquatic ecosystem. (Photo Credit: Scott Summers, Fort Cavazos) VIEW ORIGINAL
Fort Hood (known as Fort Cavazos since 2023) Garrison Commander Col. Chad R. Foster, along with Directorate of Public Works officials and a representative from the Texas A&M Forest Service, plant a tree in the Pollinator Sanctuary footprint. The...
4 / 6 Show Caption + Hide Caption – Fort Hood (known as Fort Cavazos since 2023) Garrison Commander Col. Chad R. Foster, along with Directorate of Public Works officials and a representative from the Texas A&M Forest Service, plant a tree in the Pollinator Sanctuary footprint. The ceremony commemorated the 16th consecutive year the installation has been recognized by the Arbor Day Foundation as a Tree City USA community. In 2021 and 2022, more than 3,500 trees were planted across the installation. (Photo Credit: Christine Luciano, Fort Cavazos) VIEW ORIGINAL
Dr. David Cimprich, biologist, bands a black-capped vireo as part of post-delisting monitoring. The estimate for 2019 was 6,671 male vireos with a 95% confidence interval of 5,723– 7,777. Fort Hood (known as Fort Cavazos since 2023) monitored...
5 / 6 Show Caption + Hide Caption – Dr. David Cimprich, biologist, bands a black-capped vireo as part of post-delisting monitoring. The estimate for 2019 was 6,671 male vireos with a 95% confidence interval of 5,723– 7,777. Fort Hood (known as Fort Cavazos since 2023) monitored 257 vireo nests in 2021 and 177 in 2022; and achieves a very ambitious target which is necessary to produce robust and accurate population assessments. (Photo Credit: Scott Summers, Fort Cavazos) VIEW ORIGINAL
Caleb Thyer, senior firefighter and forestry technician with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, uses a drip torch to ignite a fire in training area 51.  Through a cooperative partnership, Fort Hood (known as Fort Cavazos since 2023) works with the...
6 / 6 Show Caption + Hide Caption – Caleb Thyer, senior firefighter and forestry technician with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, uses a drip torch to ignite a fire in training area 51. Through a cooperative partnership, Fort Hood (known as Fort Cavazos since 2023) works with the USFWS Balcones Canyonlands National Wildlife Refuge Fire Module to enhance the natural ecosystem functions and reduce wildfire risks. Fort Hood burned 11,381 acres and 1,000 slash piles in FY2021 and 18,873 acres and 1,567 slash piles in FY2022 in both the maneuver and live-fire training areas. (Photo Credit: Christine Luciano, Fort Cavazos) VIEW ORIGINAL

The story of the black-capped vireo’s rebound from an endangered species is a true success story – the songbird was listed as an endangered species in November 1987, but due in part to Fort Cavazos’s conservation efforts, the black-capped vireo was delisted in 2018.

The Natural Resources Management Branch staff at Fort Cavazos will tell you, however, that this work doesn’t end with a de-listing of a species, but continues, and not just for one bird population, but for the many different animal and plant species and land that they help to preserve and protect.

For example, in addition to ongoing work to collect data and continue to protect the vireo population, the team is fully engaged in efforts to protect and preserve the golden-cheeked warbler – another small, songbird species facing population challenges.

Fort Cavazos’s research and conservation efforts of the endangered golden-cheeked warbler have included nest survival rates, forest cover and its impacts on density, and nest predation. Since 2003, the team has monitored 1,252 warbler nests and since 1999, they have banded approximately 5,000 warblers. Since 2016, this team has conducted over 1,000 point-transect per year, and have recently collaborated with numerous entitles on research projects to include breeding range wide population survey, radio telemetry study on fledglings, source sink population dynamics, metabarcoding analysis on prey consumption, several modeling efforts and is currently finishing up on a 5-year study that examined the migratory connectivity for this species, their migratory paths, and overwintering locations by using tracking devices and the study is part of a larger study that is conducting a threat assessment on both the wintering and breeding grounds.

“Protecting the environment and supporting the installation and its mission requires painstaking work, and a passion to serve amongst all the land management stakeholders,” said Tim Buchanan, Natural and Cultural Branch chief. “Our team has been successful because of their dedication, skill, and expertise. We’re proud of the past accomplishments, and excited to meet the challenges ahead.”

Appropriate stewardship and management practices aren’t confined solely to preservation, but also require population control of invasive or damaging species. For example, brown-headed cowbirds will destroy the eggs nestlings of vireos and other songbird species. The team set a goal of reducing parasitism by cowbirds of vireo nests below 10% over a five-year average in managed study sites. To address post-delisting recovery, Fort Cavazos is continuing a planned 12-year scientific experiment to determine the impact to nest parasitism should trapping and shooting activities stop.

One very notable feature of Fort Cavazos’s landscape is the presence of karst features --

a limestone landscape that contains sinkholes, caves, rock shelters, and springs. These karst features are ecologically sensitive, often providing very specific habitat and microclimate for karst fauna, including bats (one species soon to be endangered), salamanders, and 16 endemic cave adapted invertebrate species. From the 1990s to the present, karst ridge walks, exploration, mapping, inventory, biological surveys, and studies have resulted in the discovery of many karst features. At present, 360 caves, 1,035 sinkholes, 320 springs, and 890 rock shelters are documented on Fort Cavazos.

In the last decade, the dramatic decline in the Monarch butterfly population has drawn attention from agencies and environmental organizations around the globe. Because Fort Cavazos is on the Texas central flyway of Monarchs as they return to their wintering grounds, the natural resources team has joined in on data-collection efforts to help preserve the threatened species.

In 2017, Fort Cavazos began a Monarch tagging program. To date, 9,807 Monarchs have been captured, tagged, and released. Adhesive tags were provided by Monarch Watch, a nonprofit education, conservation, and research program that is based at the University of Kansas and focuses on the Monarch butterfly, its habitat, and fall migration. The butterflies are measured for body condition, wing length, weight, sex, and nectar source use. Comparing this data over the course of several years will provide valuable insight into species trends.

“Applying insights from this high-quality scientific data to the development of land management practices in collaboration with the Range Operations training area management team has resulted in successfully supporting both the conservation and military training missions,” said Buchanan.