Army Steps Up Plans to Fight Corrosion

By Kris OsbornMarch 24, 2010

Corrosion Prevention
(Photo Credit: U.S. Army) VIEW ORIGINAL

The U.S. Army is using dehumidification systems, special covers, composite

materials and galvanizing techniques among other things as part of a

stepped-up effort to mitigate the damaging effects of corrosion of its

equipment and infrastructure, a phenomenon estimated by the Virginia-based

Logistics and Maintenance Institute (LMI) to cost the service up to $5.5

billion per year, service officials said.

"We have spent a lot of time identifying strengths and weaknesses and

putting together plans to attack deficiencies in corrosion prevention and

control (CPC). We have a renewed emphasis," said Dr. Roger Hamerlinck,

Senior Acquisition Policy Specialist. "We have new technologies that are

being identified all the time that give better corrosion resistance."

The LMI also found that corrosion accounts for eight percent of weapons'

"down-time" or instances wherein they do not function properly.

While substantial anti-corrosion efforts have been underway throughout

the Department of Defense and Army for many years, it was the 2009 National

Defense Authorization Act which required the services to identify a

corrosion executive; the Army's corrosion executive -- Wimpy Pybus, Deputy

Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition Policy and Logistics ---

emphasizes the Army 's corrosion prevention and control efforts require an

Army and Government-wide approach.

"The responsibility for CPC is a shared one. Every service member, Federal

civilian, and Government contractor share in the design, support, operation

and maintenance of our equipment and infrastructure. Together we enable

victory," Pybus states in the Fiscal Year 2009 Army Annual Report of

Corrosion Prevention and Control (CPC).

Acquisition managers are required to prepare corrosion prevention and

control plans intended to influence the acquisition process and impact

design selections. For instance, acquisition personnel are tasked with

selecting materials that will be more corrosion resistant. In addition,

corrosion considerations are being woven into the requirements process to

best facilitate a long-term prevention approach, Army officials said.

Over the long term, the Army corrosion prevention and control strategic

plan is intended to influence every aspect of equipment and infrastructure

lifecycle; this begins with the defining of the requirements for corrosion

prevention and control, Hamerlinck said.

"Designs should use the latest CPC technologies and the operation and

sustainment system must ensure that the inherent design characteristics are

maintained. If the asset is not maintained as designed, it may not matter

how well the design considered CPC," Hamerlinck said.

Techniques

Galvanizing techniques which apply Zinc to traditional steel are

increasingly being chosen as methods of improving corrosion resistance in

certain equipment, Army officials said. Two-sided galvanizing, involving

both the interior and exterior of a vehicle, is also proving worthwhile.

Dehumidification systems are also being used to reduce damaging moisture

inside vehicles, Hamerlinck said.

"There is a certain amount of moist air inside a vehicle that can't go

anywhere. That environment gets into the electronics. If we don't draw that

moisture out of there those things can cause a lot of damage. We're finding

them really useful on aviation platforms," said Hamerlinck. "The

dehumidification systems may cost 13,000 dollars, but in some cases you are

protecting a $38 million dollar piece of equipment."

The Army is also having success using special, corrosion-reducing covers

placed over certain pieces of equipment, such as aircraft and missile

systems.

For example, canister covers for Patriot Missile batteries have

dramatically increased the longevity of desiccant materials placed inside

the systems to keep moisture out, Hamerlinck said.

"With covers they [the missiles] are going nine months and counting without

replacing the desiccant. There is a cost savings here and fewer times that

we have to open the container," he said Hamerlinck.

Other notable efforts include the construction of an all-composite bridge

built over the last year at Fort Bragg, N.C., Hamerlinck said.

"It is built from 100-percent recycled industrial grade plastics. It is

rated to be able to hold an M1 tank and that technology has proven out. We

are in the process of observing its performance over the next three years so

we can determine the return on the investment," he said.

Other challenges being addressed by the Army include examining how

packing, storing and transporting equipment impacts corrosion, Hamerlinck

said.

Metrics

The Department of Defense Corrosion Prevention and Control Integrated

Product Team has currently identified three metrics by which they will

determine success or failure in addressing corrosion: cost,

readiness/availability, and safety.

The Services have identified a scale for determining the extent of

corrosion to a particular piece of equipment measured in five distinct

stages:

Stage 0 shows no visible corrosion.

Stage 1 is simple discoloration and staining. Stage 2 is loose rust or

pitting of the surface along with minor etching. Stage 3 is rust, minor

etching, pitting, more extensive surface damage.

Stage 4 is rust, etching, and pitting that has progressed to the point

where the life of the item has been affected.

The stages identify the severity of the corrosive effect and they provide

an indicator of the need for a specific level of maintenance, Hamerlinck

said.

"Once an indication of corrosion is present, it is important to take

appropriate corrective action because at that point it will take less time

and expense to remedy the situation," he said. "One of our greatest

challenges today is in training our military and civilian workforce to

recognize the many forms of corrosion. There are as many as 16 different

forms of corrosion, depending upon which book you read, such as pitting or

cracking."

With this in mind, operators and maintainers of equipment need to be able

to recognize and properly categorize corrosion in all its forms in order to

take appropriate corrective or preventive actions, Hamerlinck said.